Starbucks Wide Acceptance By The Public Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Starbucks Wide Acceptance By The Public - Essay Example As indicated by the Corporate Social Responsibility Report of 2005, Starbucks due to its wide acknowledgment by general society is offering back to networks and the earth. It likewise approaches individuals with deference and poise. The organization is committed to serving the world's best espresso to everybody all over the place and whenever. The organization exhibits its convictions in the core values of their statement of purpose in the manner they work together. The organization expressed that truth be told, corporate social obligation at Starbucks runs profoundly all through our organization. Here are a portion of the responsibilities we've made to work together in a socially dependable manner.2 The August 15, 2002 issue of Eurofood expressed that Starbucks espresso of the United Kingdom has boisterously declared that it will present the Starbucks Organic Shade Grown Mexico espresso in Starbucks stores in the United Kingdom. This espresso nutrition type is affirmed to be 100% natural by the Soil Association. The presentation of Starbucks Organic Shade Grown Mexico espresso was the comprehension among Starbucks and Conservation International. This association will give the ranchers financial advantages in the event that they will utilize earth inviting sound farming strategies to protect tropical biodiversity. Starbucks of the United... We are charmed that Starbucks is stepping up in propelling Organic Shade Grown Mexico and that they have selected to collaborate with the Soil Association for natural affirmation customers truly trust. Protection International is a charitable association that the present characteristic legacy of our planet ought to be safeguarded all together for our youngsters and our's kids to appreciate regarding profoundly, socially and monetarily.

Explaining Regional Integration

Question: Researchers of global relations differ about the reasons that lead states to seek after local incorporation game plans. What hypothesis best clarifies the production of ASEAN? Why? Given the hypothetical methodologies that we have perused, do you accept that the individuals from ASEAN are probably going to seek after more profound incorporation later on? Why, or why not? Answer: Monetary regionalism has seen an extensive development in the ongoing years due to the issues produced by contradiction and intrigue. Globalization is one of the striking attributes of the advanced framework at the worldwide level. Not many individuals were associated with the World Trade Organization Agreement in the year 2005. The South Asian nations did not have the game plan of territorial security. In this manner, the requirement for formation of ASEAN emerged. There are hypotheses that clarify the production of ASEAN (Acharya and Amitav 2014). Neoliberalism shows to a methodology that passes by the hypothesis that the States are and should be troubled basically with the supreme increases than the relative additions to different states (Przeworski and Adam 2014). This hypothesis is the primary institutional hypothesis in the transcendent hypothesis of worldwide relations of North America. The hypothesis characterizes associations as to be made and kept up by the states for servi ng their inclinations. The association has been increasing an invaluable circumstance since its development. ASEAN is at intersection in the ongoing occasions (Cai and David 2014). Its motivation that was set at first has been achieved, and this has kept Southeastern piece of Asia from the event of wars any further which followed the Indochina Wars. More than any Asian foundations, ASEAN attempted in advancing exchange for nothing in the provincial zones, changing the basic markets, and make Asia to autonomously deal with the monetary emergency that would happen later on. ASEAN may coordinate new and numerous individuals from the framework later on which could be troublesome than to assimilate the territory countries of Southeast in the time of the 1990s. Despite the fact that the ASEAN targets fortifying its secretariat and finishes its understanding of unhindered commerce, it must not be tolerating new individuals (Henderson and Jeannie 2014). Expansion can be resolved with the assistance of assent of th e current individuals, and the part conditions of ASEAN have been fruitless in consenting to stretch out the support to East Timor that ended up being a nondependent country in the year 2002. It has instilled Laos, Cambodia and Myanmar, those three nations that have less authorities who are prepared in assuming an essential job in the gatherings of the ASEAN. Consequently, the more extravagant individuals from the ASEAN have begun stressing that despite the fact that Laos and Cambodia have not yet greater and current outside administrations, the expansion of East Timor would trouble the establishment further, more slow the pace of the gatherings and upgrade the degree of trouble of misrepresenting the accord. The individuals who had protested additionally stressed that by augmentation of the entrance to East Timor, the ASEAN may firmly give out signs to different nations of that zone that they may join. Despite the fact that, the ASEAN had bolstered Indonesia, which was the biggest part condition of the ASEAN, the odds of East Timor for augmentation search splendid for the coming ten years. The individuals from ASEAN have confidence in institutional hypothesis and in this manner, they don't tune in to the part states having less authorities. The association was mixed in the year 1997. Notwithstanding, it was not completely shaken by the money related emergency in Asia. Along these lines, the affiliation was aroused and they thought of extending the reconciliation and anticipating their administrative and socialization process in Northeast Asia (Henderson and Jeannie 2014). Reference List Acharya, Amitav.Constructing a security network in Southeast Asia: ASEAN and the issue of provincial request. Routledge, 2014. Przeworski, Adam.The state and the economy under free enterprise. Routledge, 2014. Cai, David.ASEAN'S Strategic Approach Towards Security Relations with the US and China: Hedging through a Common Foreign and Security Policy. Armed force COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLLEGE FORT LEAVENWORTH KS, 2014. Henderson, Jeannie.Reassessing Asean. Routledge, 2014.

Dulles, Allen Welsh

Dulles, Allen Welsh Dulles, Allen Welsh dul ´?s [key], 1893â€"1969, U.S. public official, b. Watertown, N.Y.; brother of John Foster Dulles . The Dulles brothers, born into America's political establishment, became extremely influential governmental figures, and during the cold war they played principal roles in the developing and implementing United States' interventionist foreign policy. Allen entered the diplomatic service in 1916 and became (1922) chief of the State Deptartment's division of Near Eastern affairs. In 1926 he resigned to practice law. During World War II he was a prominent member of the Office of Strategic Services . Returning (1951) to government service as deputy director of the Central Intelligence Agency , Dulles became director in 1953. Under his leadership, the CIA was strengthened and made a more effective element in the U.S. intelligence system. Dulles resigned in 1961 after a series of events (most notably the Bay of Pigs Invasion of Cuba) in which the CIA played a co ntroversial role and aroused much criticism. His works include Germany's Underground (1947), The Craft of Intelligence (1963), and Secret Surrender (1966). See biography by P. Grose (1994); S. Kinzer, The Brothers: John Foster Dulles, Allen Dulles, and Their Secret World War (2013). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History: Biographies

India s Tobacco Advertising Ban - 1018 Words

India s Tobacco Advertising Ban The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that worldwide, five million tobacco users die annually and estimates that one million Indians die each year prematurely from tobacco use (2015). As late at 2009, India was â€Å"the world’s second-largest consumer and third-largest producer of tobacco† (Economist, 2009, p. 5). In an attempt to reduce consumption, India introduced its first adverting ban on tobacco in 1990, followed in 2003 by the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA) to close loopholes and further regulate tobacco adverting. This paper examines the arguments for and against these advertising bans and explores whether or not tobacco creates a conflict of interest when governments profit from the tobacco industry. For the Ban The most compelling reason to ban tobacco advertising is the growing body of evidence linking tobacco ads to increased tobacco use, particularly children. Studies following a 1998 settlement prohibiting U.S. tobacco companies from targeting American youth have shown a steady decline, with the lowest levels in forty years of teenage smoking reported in 2015. Despite COTPA, Indian youth’s exposure to cigarette advertising has increased in part because of aggressive point-of-sale marketing, promotional support of music and sporting events, through social media, and smoking portrayed in Bollywood films. Multiple authorities agree that a ban on tobacco advertising has to be all-encompassing and free fromShow MoreRelatedIndia s Ban On Tobacco Advertising849 Words   |  4 PagesIndia in 2001 proposed a ban on tobacco advertisement in an effort to curb tobacco use with adolescents. It was met with sharp criticism from the tobacco industry. However, some saw it as a great move by the government in looking after the welfare of its citizens. I hope to explore in the essay each side’s voice as well as deal with the myriad of issues the government faced upon the bans proposal. Lastly I will give my opinion on what position the government should take. One the main arguments forRead MoreThe Ban On Advertising Tobacco Products885 Words   |  4 PagesThe ban put on advertising tobacco products in India has caused a lot of debates. Some say it violates the constitution, others say it saves lives. Each side sets a valid argument, but which side is right? These bans do not only exist in India. They have been put into action in many different countries as well. Tobacco use kills 5.4 million people a year, averaging at about half of all smokers. (W.H.O.-Facts) I think that everyone is aware of how bad tobacco use is for your health. What peopleRead MoreBan On Tobacco By The Government Of India1078 Words   |  5 PagesBAN ON TOBACCO BY THE GOVERMENT OF INDIA INTRODUCTION According to Brown Williamson Tobacco Corporation â€Å"From an ethical standpoint, it would be wrong to try to cause people to take the risk of smoking. But even beyond the moral issue, for a product such as cigarettes well known to have serious health risks, it would be difficult even to understand how an advertising campaign could be devised to convince people to smoke. India s tobacco problem is very complex; the quote above depicts how ethicallyRead MoreTobacco Advertising And Its Influence On The World971 Words   |  4 Pagesinto the night is the influence of tobacco advertising and its influence on the populous. Recently to join the discourse was the government of India versus the tobacco conglomerates. The Indian government hopes to follow suit of many other nations including: France, Finland, Norway, Canada and New Zealand who already imposed bans on cigarette advertising with successful results. The tobacco industry, however, holds their position that by placing a ban on advertising is controlling the opinion of theRead MoreEthical Challenges Of Tobacco Advertisements1170 Words   |  5 PagesETHICAL CHALLENGES OF TOBACCO ADVERTISEMENTS 1 Ethical Challenges of Banning Indian Tobacco Advertisements Poitier Stringer University of the People ETHICAL CHALLENGES OF TOBACCO ADVERTISEMENTS 2 Ethical Challenges of Banning Indian Tobacco Advertisements The tobacco industry has long presented ethical challenges for governments that are tasked with looking after the public good. Tobacco producers have provided significant revenue for many economies, yet they specialize in the manufacturing and distributionRead MoreThe Ban On Tobacco Advertising987 Words   |  4 PagesOn Feb 6, 2001, Government of India announced a bill banning Tobacco Companies from advertising their products and sponsoring sports and cultural events. The objective was to discourage adolescents from consuming tobacco products and also arm the Government with powers to launch an anti-Tobacco Program. Summarize the arguments for the ban on tobacco advertising in India. Advocates of free choice opposed to these prohibitions, saying these amounted to unwarranted intrusion by the state into theRead MoreThe Argument Against Ban On Tobacco Related Advertising850 Words   |  4 Pagesof the ban on tobacco related advertising in India are plentiful. First, proponents of the ban assert that the state has the right to intervene in the name of public health. Second, there are other precedents for dangerous or potentially dangerous products’ advertising being restricted such as firearms or pharmaceuticals. Third, tobacco related deaths are projected to increase over the next few years and we need to take action to stem the flow of new users. Fourth, youth targeted advertising campaignsRead MoreBan Tobacco Advertising Is The Right Move909 Words   |  4 Pages the Government of India proposed a bill that would place a ban on tobacco ads to discourage the use of tobacco products among the teenagers. This decision gave rise to a huge debate about the et hical responsibility of the government on the use of tobacco products. In this analytical essay, the arguments of the proponents that are both in favor and opposed to the ban will be summarized, while discussing the conflict of interest that exists among the government and the tobacco companies. Lastly,Read MoreBan Tobacco Advertising Is The Right Move908 Words   |  4 Pages the Government of India proposed a bill that would place a ban on tobacco ads to discourage the use of tobacco products among the teenagers. This decision gave rise to a huge debate about the ethical responsibility of the government on the use of tobacco products. In this analytical essay, the arguments of the proponents that are both in favor and opposed to the ban will be summarized, while discussing the conflict of interest that exists among the government and the tobacco companies. Lastly,Read MoreThe Government Of India ( Goi ) Proposed Ban On Tobacco Advertising946 Words   |  4 PagesThe Government of India (GOI) proposed ban on tobacco advertising was not unusual keeping in view the international precedents. Countries like France, Finland, and Norway had already imposed similar bans. An example is Belgium whose Supreme Court (of Appeal in 1981, gave its ruling that a ban on tobacco advertising was not unconstitutional. In a case which started in 1991 and ended in 1997, RJ Reynolds Tobacco Company, marketer of Camel cigarettes, was forced to withdraw its mascot, Joe Carmel, an

Needs Assessment for Worksite Health Promotion Program

FNH 8613 Design amp; Administration of Health Promotion Programs Mississippi State University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Department of Food Science, Nutrition, and Health Promotion Needs Assessment Guidelines A. Identification of the Setting – Identify the setting in which your program will take place. Be specific in describing the setting by including as much information as possible. a. Name of the community, school, etc Mississippi Care Center of Alcorn Co b. Subpopulations of interest____Employees at the facility______________ c. Identify three primary health outcomes of interest. These are based on your perceptions of the conditions affecting your population. As your needs assessment†¦show more content†¦Be sure that the remainder of your needs assessment steps reflects the type selected here. Due to the lack of data collected in the past, action/participatory research will work the best for this needs assessment. I will have more luck collecting data by participation and interviews. Observation, surveys, and interviews will be the best way to collect information and determined the needs and wants of the target audience. C. Gathering Data h. Data from scientific literature – Depending on the population and behaviors being studied, it is possible to identify some of the health priorities of a population by reviewing literature. Although there may not be published data on your specific population, studies completed within similar settings may provide useful information. Identify five published studies that may be of use in your needs assessment. 5. Machen, R., Cuddihy, T., Reaburn, P., amp; Higgins, H. (2010). Development of a workplace wellness promotion pilot framework: A case study of the blue care staff wellness program. Asia-Pacific Journal of Health, Sport, and Physical Education, 1(2), 8-13. Workplace wellness programs are currently unreflective of the multidimensional and holistic nature of the wellness construct. There exists an opportunity for health promoters to move toward models of workplace wellness promotion that moreShow MoreRelatedHealth Promotion And Disease Prevention996 Words   |  4 PagesHealth promotion and disease prevention encompass many similar contributing factors. Disease prevention is often defined as a medical based model targeting a person’s biology not the person as a whole and focuses on maintaining one’s health (Tengland, 2010). Where health promotion involves activities of wellbeing and the goal is to improve the bodies state of health (Tengland, 2010). Although these two concepts may be approached and implemented differently behavioral risk factors play major rolesRead MoreFuture Trends in Health Education and Promotion Essay603 Words   |  3 PagesFuture Trends in Health Education and Promotion The only thing that remains constant is change. This is saying that any healthcare professional would do well by taking to heart. By embracing change, and doing are best to adapt gracefully, we are doing our patients are great service. The key is to predict and identify future trends so we can better prepare for what is to come. In the world of health education and promotion, this couldn’t be truer. As health educators we are expected to beRead MoreEssay On Diabetes1438 Words   |  6 Pages Program Narrative: Obesity and Diabetes Reduction in Alexandria Student’s Name Institution Affiliation Program Narrative: Obesity and Diabetes Reduction in Alexandria Introduction Obesity and diabetes are serious public health problems that have far reaching health and economic consequences. In the US, and the world over, obesity and diabetes have reached epidemic proportions (Acton, 2013). For instance, the annual medical costs for obesity in the US was approximately $145 billionRead MoreRole Of A Public Health Nurse963 Words   |  4 PagesContributions Role of Public Health Nurses The role of a public health nurse encompasses a vast amount of responsibilities. As a basis for practice, public health nurses must adhere to the code of ethics. The code of ethics, developed by Sir William David Ross in the 1940s, is a set of four principles. These principles include autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice (Ivanov, 2013). By incorporating these four main principles into practice, public health nurses can better protect andRead MoreCritical Issues Paper: Health and Wellness1730 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction According to workers, organizations with significant wellness programs remain a minority. Demographic evidence suggests that the current laissez-faire attitudes toward workplace wellness found in many organizations will soon need to change. Its important to understand those needs to tailor a wellness program to the organization and its people. To be successful, wellness programs must be employee driven and management supported. (Walker, 2004) For the state of workplace wellnessRead MoreThe Family Health For The Community952 Words   |  4 PagesThe family health nurse providing care in the community must integrate community involvement and knowledge about the population with their personal and clinical comprehension of health and illness experiences of individuals and families within a population (Kaakinen, Coehlo, Steele, Tabacco, Harmon Hanson, 2015). Nurse Home Visiting Programs The visiting nurse can assess a family’s health statues in their environment that will allow them to develop specific interventions and strategies, as wellRead MoreWhat Type Of Examples That Are Leading For Our Health Care?1271 Words   |  6 Pages When It comes to our health and wellness it is a large factor that influences so many different aspects of our life than what individuals really believe it does. It influences the longevity of our lives, whether we will develop preventable chronic diseases throughout our lives. It influences what type of examples that we are leading for our children and families. It even influences our work performance and how well our companies will be able to provide affordable health care to their employeesRead MoreReducing Client Costs And Client Incentives1682 Words   |  7 Pagesovercome barriers and motivated the population to be screened for cancer. Reducing client costs and client incentives are two areas that definitely need to be studied closer. These areas are vital to help increase the participant screening. The studies from breast cancer show that client vouchers and state benefits deemed helpful, therefore; further studies need to use this information as a guide to help with cervica l and colorectal cancer incentives. As a unit manager in a hospital setting, I think thatRead MoreHealth Insurance : A Hot Topic On Capitol Hill930 Words   |  4 Pagesof Health Plans and Health Insurance Association of America a new trade association was created. That health insurance market is called The America’s Health Insurance Plans (AHIP) representing the health insurance industry. Two million of AHIP’s members are provide health and supplemental benefits through employer-sponsored coverage, the individual insurance market, and public programs such as Medicare and Medicaid. AHIP advocates for public policies that expand access to affordable health careRead MoreThe Body Mass Index ( Bmi )1637 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The issue with obesity not only occurs locally but is becoming problematic globally and is continuing to worsen. Being overweight defines a person as having excess fat accumulation which has the potential to cause impairments on personal health if not addressed. According to the McKinsey Global Institute, the costs associated with the obesity epidemic worldwide total over 2 trillion dollars and continues to grow at a staggering rate (Press, 2014). This paper will examine the subject of

Writing tutor Free Essays

Congratulations on being hired by the writing center. College writing can be a very daunting task for incoming freshman. It is important that you be familiar with the various Issues that freshman are confronted with. We will write a custom essay sample on Writing tutor or any similar topic only for you Order Now These Issues can be emotional as well as technical. You as a tutor should prepare yourself to be able to deal with both. Translational to college level writing Is always an emotional roller coaster. The students are going to face many misconceptions explained through, â€Å"So you’ve got a writing assignment. Now what? † by Chorine E. Hint. Huntington explains the transition hat most incoming freshmen face when walking into a college level English class. Many of the first year students come into the class with many misconceptions that they have been taught to be right, many of which turn out to be completely wrong. For example, Huntington explains how the five paragraph essay isn’t going to be the basis of all college level essays. He also explains how the first writing is always the hardest because you do not know what the professor is expecting, so you as the tutor have to make sure you break down all the misconceptions students have when first coming Into class. There Is another article I want you to look at with the student, â€Å"what Is ‘academic writing? † By L. Lend Irvine. He uses a great courtroom analogy where he explains that college writing Is based off supporting evidence Like any other good courtroom cases. The students need to be able to understand how to support their claims as a writer. As a tutor you need to be able to use these skills when tutoring. Your job is to instill writing tactics that help the freshmen become better writers by being able to analyze how and what the topic is about, by breaking the topic down into many steps the student is able to put their ideas down into easier acetic. Irvine divides writing assignments into three deferent categories of , â€Å"an open writing assignment, The Semi-open Writing Assignment, and The Closed Writing Assignment. As long as the students understand the differences between these three different writing assignments they should have a clear understanding of what to look for. Many of the students are going to believe that they aren’t a real writer because they are only taking one college writing class . But that is not the case , Sarah Allen describes this feeling in her article,†the inspired writer vs. the real writerâ⠂¬  she comes to an inclusion that even the best writers struggle in their own writings. She explains how sometimes writers may become writers because of their certain upbringings. In order to become real writer they don’t have to follow a certain structure. Once the students realize this they are able to be a real writer. She explains the whole writing process as ,†a way to figure out the little things. † Once again the students do not have to go through a whole process . Writing is an emotional process they will feel discouraged but they aren’t necessarily wrong. She talks about how she imitates other writers, to become a better writer. She doesn’t mean she plagiarisms but follows the structures ,†formulas†,of other writers. Which the students can use In class, or even In any college level essay. She explains how In writing you have to think about an audience and following that how you display them. You as a college tutor have to off as an â€Å"Inspired writer† and eventually became a real writer, with everything writing takes practice. The students need to understand how to point out the key terms of either a writing assignment or of a source they wish to use and make sure they are using them to their advantage. Teaching students to follow technical instructions rather than emotional ones helps them to engage in communication with peers,and allows for a repetitive process to instill itself. It also allows it to analyze their audience as a student enabling the student to write at a more college level and helps them transition to college level writing classes,topics, and will help them in the outside word. Now that you have been familiar with the various issues that incoming freshman are confronted with, it is important to use all of the tactics presented before you in order to build growth within the students confidence as well as writing ability. We have hit n issues that can be emotional as well as technical. How to cite Writing tutor, Papers

Is Bottled Water Ethical

Introduction The bottled water industry is one that has grown tremendously in the contemporary society, with multinational corporations such as Pepsi, Coke and Nestle earning billions of dollars in the form of returns annually from the sale of water.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Is Bottled Water Ethical? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Bottled water is simply clean water produced either by reverse osmosis, distillation or de-ionization of regular or tap water. It can be sparkling water, which is basically carbonated water, or glacial water, which is water obtained directly from a glacier. Natural water on the other hand is obtained from a specific and recommended underground source which is not from the municipal water supply system. Mineral and spring water is from an underground source which contains relatively high amounts of dissolved mineral salts. There is also artesian water, which is water from a wel l that bears an underground layer of sand or preferably rocks. Bottled water has been a source of major debates and research on why citizens would prefer to spend a lot of money in purchasing something that is available for free in the society. One side of the debaters believes that the selling of bottled water is a practice that is unethical as water is freely available in the environment, and again it leads to unnecessary use of resources in packaging and distributing such water, when it can be easily fetched from the tap. A study conducted in the United States revealed that citizens of the United States consumed up to 8.45 gallons of water that has been bottled in 2009, an aspect that saw them spend $10.6 billion on the same.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The interesting part was that the citizens paid 1000 more times for bottled water in comparison to the tap water co st, when most the same bottled water had been drawn from the municipal tap water. It is thus an issue of concern that the public would prefer to embrace a practice that leads to wastage of resources and imposes on them high economic costs, when they can easily obtain the commodity naturally from the environment (Gallagher 2011). Why People Have Embraced Bottled Water The major drive behind the high consumption of bottled water is the appeal that is created by the packaging used (Gleick 2010). Bottled water companies have embraced various advanced marketing strategies, with the major one being the use of the packaging to attract their consumers. The bottles used in packaging bottled water to always make the water to appear cooler and healthier than the tap water. However, it is evident that tap water is as safe as bottled water for consumption. Using blind taste tests, a study was conducted with the aim of differentiating between tap water and bottled water. It was identified from th e study that the participants were not able to differentiate between tap water and bottled water through taste. The study reveals that there is no much difference between these two categories of water. In any case, bottle water is only but a purified version of tap water. This does not mean that tap water is not clean; the filters are only used to further clean the tap water that is already clean enough for consumption.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Is Bottled Water Ethical? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The incorporation of beautiful images such as those of springs and mountains on the water bottles and further adding of terms such as pure on the pack creates an impression of the extra purity of the bottled water as compared to tap water. As a result, they are pushed towards preferring bottled water (Bartol et al. 2011, p. 2). Other forms of impression such as images of pregnant women consuming bottled wa ter have also been developed in the marketing of bottled water, thus further building a perception of the water being healthier among the consumers (Natural Resources Defence Council 2013). The bottled water companies also develop terms on the packaging which define the origin of water as a place full of purity. For instance, water may be displayed as originating from the Andes, and an image of a stream emanating from the mountain is added in the package just to emphasize the purity of the water. This kind of display and the use of special terms to define the origin of water create a healthy impression of the water. Other companies also develop beautiful advertisements that are used to capture the attention of the consumers and thus to facilitate purchases of bottled water (Saylor, Prokopy Amberg 2011, p. 589).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Impact of Bottled Water on the Environment The entire process of production and distribution of bottled water has a major impact on the environment. To start with, bottled water wastes resources. Environmental degradation starts from the point of production because the amount of energy required to bottle and distribute water is high. The production process involves several processes before bottled water is ready for consumption. The biggest impact is felt in the fossil fuels. In this case, fossil fuels are used in the production process by running the machinery and in the distribution process through running the vehicles. For instance, in 2007, the bottled water industry used almost 54 million oil barrels, in the production and distribution of bottled water. The same amount of fuel can be used by 1.5 million cars in the United States for an entire year (Bartol et al. 2011). This is energy could be referred to as wasted energy given that it could be saved if individual citizens would resolve to using tap water and even carrying some in re-usable bottles. Another aspect of environmental concern in relation to bottled water is the kind of impact the non-biodegradable plastics have on the environment. Bottled water is mainly packed in plastic bottles which are made from polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Plastic bottles make up the best type of packaging since they do not easily break on impact with the floor, besides being lighter in weight. As much as some of these plastic bottles are recycled, a higher percentage of the plastic bottles are dumped into the landfills, streams, lakes, and oceans. Such plastic bottles fail to decompose, leading to the pollution of the environment (Food Water Watch 2013). With the current rate of production of plastic bottles for packaging of bottled water and the low rate at which recycling is being embraced, it goes without saying that in the future the plastic bottles may dig into more land as they will fill up the landfills. Mos t bottles have also been observed to end up scattered everywhere, polluting the environment (Stephenson 2009, p. 23). These water bottles do not easily decompose and they only end up releasing toxic chemicals into the groundwater (Cheng, Shi Adams 2010, p. 1325). By polluting the ground water, the lives that are supported by this water are thus affected. Through incineration, the plastic material release smoke that is toxic into the atmosphere. This smoke also consists of greenhouse gases that play a role in climatic changes and global warming. Ethical Issues Regarding Bottled Water Ethics in a given business or industry require that moral and ethical principles be observed. It applies to all aspects of a company’s or brand’s conduct, impacts and purposes. Functional business areas where the issues of ethics apply include a product’s environmental, financial, production, sales and marketing and human impact paradigm. In the bottled water industry, of particular interest is the issue of environmental degradation that arise from the packaging. The industry’s ethical position can also be analyzed in its impact in creating employment, companies obligations to their employees in the industry, among other concerns. The question of whether it is a healthy practice to drink water from a plastic bottle has been subjected to a lot of arguments. As much as bottled water companies exploit all the possibilities available avenues to explain the safety of bottled water, several researchers have concluded that bottled water has health effects on the users (Suzuki Boyd 2008, p. 68). The same researchers have proven that the primary source of bottled water is the same as that of the tap water. In any case, tap water could be safer than bottled water due to the fact that the former is regulated by the strict EPA body while the latter is regulated by the more lenient FDA. The tap water is also under the management of the Municipal service, which is p art of the government, and thus they ensure that they supply the public with high quality products (Ahmad Bajahlan 2009). Of imprortance is the fact that bottled water does not provide any specific health benefits to the consumer. Municipal water in many countries is equally clean and is frequently inspected for toxic chemicals and bacteria. In the U.S. for example, safety is ensured through the close supervision of the Environmental Protection Agency. Despite the fact that safety groups point out that most municipal water systems are old and rusty, there is very little evidence suggesting that bottled water is healthier than tap water. Furthermore, the plastic container used in packaging has been noted to be in itself a risk. Bottled water companies have maintained that the plastic bottles that they use in packaging water is safe enough and that it does not expose the users to chemical pigments that could affect their health (Bartol et al. 2011, p. 3). However, according to studie s carried out by the government of the United States and other independent researchers, the main plastic components, BPA, used in the production of bottles that are used in packaging of bottled water can fall into the packed water and thus be consumed by the users of the water. The chemical has adverse health effects in the body as it has been identified to mimic estrogen. Besides, the chemical; is linked to various health problems such as heart disease, diabetes, and problems of the liver. These are chronic conditions which do not have a cure, but they can only be managed and controlled. In worst cases, these conditions can lead to death. This is an issue of ethics as the company knows that the plastic components are toxic, yet they encourage the public to use it. â€Å"†The company also exhibits a lack of ethics when they claim that what they present to the public is purer when they are aware that the water and the bottles are regulated by two different bodies† (Barto l et al. 2011, p. 3). It is also an issue of ethicality that the bottled water companies do not guarantee the safety of the bottles under different conditions of storage. For instance, in the United States, a label is placed on each bottle of water in the form of a number, one that identifies the type of the plastic material used to make the bottle (Bartol et al. 2011, p. 4). It is important to note that some plastic materials can be reused for more than one time, while others are only used once. Most of the companies that process bottled water use the type 1 water bottle, which is only meant for use once. However, the companies do not enlighten the public on the dangers of repeatedly using such bottles. They also fail to consider the conditions under which such bottles are stored before they are used, ignoring the fact that the bottles are bound to spoil while stored under given conditions. In a study conducted by Harvard University students, it was determined that the level of exp osure of individuals to BPA through using bottled water is so high. In the study, 77 students were exposed to a ‘cleanup’ practice for a week, where they were given water for drinking only from stainless steel containers, in order to reduce the level at which they were exposed to BPA (Bartol et al. 2011, p. 5). In the next step, participants were handed two polycarbonate bottles. They were to use them as the drinking vessel each time they consumed cold beverages for the two weeks that followed. At the end of each of the two weeks, the urine sample of the participants was taken and the levels of BPA determined. â€Å"The results showed a sharp increase of BPA up to 69 percent after the second week, in which the participants used polycarbonate bottles† (Bartol et al. 2011, p. 5). From the studies, it was identified that the plastic bottles expose the users to BPA, and hence to the health effects that come with BPA. In the cases where small baby bottles are headed i n the water in order to warm their water, there is a likelihood of the bottles further releasing BPA into the water. This is an issue of major concern when it involves infants since they are likely to be susceptible to BPA’s endocrine-disrupting potential (Chellaney 2013, p. 131). Organizational Social Responsibility As much as most of the companies have shown lack of ethics in their activities, some companies have developed various activities that are aimed at protecting their consumers and also ensuring that they maintain environmental conservation. For instance, various bottled water companies have embraced recycling, with the aim of reducing the environmental impact of the plastics. Organizations such as Coca-Cola have developed marketing campaigns that have educated the public on the need to recycle the company’s bottles (Bartol et al. 2011, p. 5). The organization is aiming at reducing the amount of plastic bottles that end up in the landfills. In order to facili tate this, the company produces high quality bottles that can be reused. The International Bottled Water Association has also rallied behind bottled water companies in creating awareness among the public on the importance of recycling the plastic bottles and reducing the environmental effect of these non-biodegradable substances. In the year 2010, the bottled water was identified to contribute more than a third wastes to the stream of wastes in the United States (Shaw 2011). Thus, the bottled water companies have exhibited ethics by reducing the environmental effects of their products. However, the process of waste recycling may not be as successful as it may be depicted. A survey conducted by the Container Recycling Institute revealed that the bottled water industry still released up to 1.5 tons of wastes of plastic bottles every year. The American people buy up to 34.6 billion water bottles, with 8 out of every ten of these bottles ending up in incinerators and landfills (Bartol e t al. 2011, p. 6). How to Promote Recycling The number of plastic bottles that go without being recycled is so large. These bottles, as earlier observed facilitate environmental degradation. Thus, proper measures should be put in place to ensure that the flow of plastic bottles into the landfills and incinerators is minimized. One of the measures that can be embraced in order to facilitate the recycling of plastic bottles is that of developing bottle deposit bills in countries that do not have such bills, while including provisions in bills that already exist in countries that have such bills (Bartol et al. 2011, p. 6). These bills would require one to pay an extra amount when purchasing beverages that have been packed in plastic bottles, and they should be refunded the extra amount when they return the bottles for recycling. In the United States, higher rates of bottle recycling have been experienced in the various countries which have bottle deposit bills. For instance, in Califor nia, 80 percent of the soda and beer containers were reported to undergo recycling after the bottle deposit bill was introduced in the state (Bartol et al. 2011, p. 6). A great reduction in the levels of waste was also registered in the state. However, these bills have been observed to fail in most settings as they are highly opposed by the beverage industries through developing public relations that are extensive, using powerful lobbyists, and engaging in campaign contributions (Bartol et al. 2011, p. 6). Companies are opposed to such a move because they are afraid it will increase their costs of doing business, consequently, reducing their sales volume, since they would have to pass on the cost to consumers. These companies also fear that possibility of such a move drawing attention towards the fact the these companies fail to meet their corporate social responsibilities by producing so much waste, which they release into the environment. The efforts that have been exhibited by va rious organizations in terms of reducing the amount of plastic material used in making the plastic bottles have proved to be of less worth, and thus there is a need for the companies to develop other measures that would allow them to effectively cut on environmental pollution. Benefits of Recycling Efforts have been developed by bottled water companies towards developing recycling strategies, that are aimed at reducing the amount of waste plastic that is released into the environment and the environmental damage caused by such wastes (Bartol et al. 2011, p. 6). During the recycling process, most of the bottles are reduced into the plastic material of lower grade, which is later used to create other objects such as tires, playing equipment, and carpets. Those PET bottles are broken down using chemicals, and then they are later sorted into various colors, crushed, cleaned, and cut into small pieces that are pressed into bales. These flakes are later twirled into thread and yarn. What comes out of this process, usually threads, can be, together with other fibers, be used to make other material and different fabrics. These fabrics and material can be used to create other durable and strong items such as coats, jackets, hats, bags and shoes. Conclusion The bottled water industry is one of the fastest growing, and one that attracts an equal measure of criticism and appreciation at the same time. As explained in the paper, ethics in a given business or industry require that moral and ethical principles be observed. It applies to all aspects of a company’s or brand’s conduct, impacts and purposes. Functional business areas where the issues of ethics apply include a product’s environmental, financial, production, sales and marketing and human impact paradigm. For example, if the production process of a product risks the lives of employes, employers and the community around, ethical obligations are considered to be violated. In the bottled water ind ustry, of particular interest is the issue of environmental degradation that arise from the packaging. The industry’s ethical position can also be analyzed in its impact in creating employment, companies obligations to their employees in the industry, among other concerns. It is evident that bottled water has penetrated its roots deep into the society, which individuals spending large amounts of money purchasing this kind of water, while disregarding the same source of such water, tap water, with is naturally available and for free. It had been observed that the water companies have created attractive images and terms that are incorporated on the packages, which create an impression of how healthy and cool such water is, as compared to the tap water. As a result, most individuals have been pulled towards bottled water not knowing the various health problems that they are exposing themselves to. The plastic bottles mainly used to pack bottled water consists of BPA chemical, wh ich may leak into the water and cause the health effects such as diabetes, liver problems and heart attacks to individuals, if they consume such water. Various companies have developed recycling frameworks whereby they recycle the plastic bottles and they come up with other objects. This is important as it reduces the environmental effects that come with the plastic bottles for packing water. These bottles have been observed to leak chemicals into groundwater and to emit dangerous gases into the atmosphere when incinerated (Cheng, Shi Adams 2010, p. 1325). As much as recycling stands out to be the most effective method of handling these negative effects to the environment, it has not been adequately embraced, and thus, proper measures need to be put in place in order to promote recycling. One of these measures involves the development of bottle deposit bills. Reference List Ahmad, M Bajahlan, AS 2009, ‘Quality Comparison of tap water vs. Bottled water in the Industrial City of Yanbu (Saudi Arabia)’, Environmental Monitoring Assessment, vol 159, pp. 1-14. Bartol, D, Canney, J, Cunningham, J, Flaherty, S McNamee, L 2011, ‘Marketing of Bottled Water: Business and Ethical Issues’, Rivier Academic Journal, vol 7, no. 1, pp. 1-8. Chellaney, B 2013, Water, Peace, and War: Confronting the Global Water Crisis, 1st edn, Rowman Littlefield Publishers, Inc, Boulevard. 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Suzuki, D Boyd, DR 2008, David Suzuki’s Green Guide, Greystone Books, Vancouver. This report on Is Bottled Water Ethical? was written and submitted by user Theo Pate to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.